I have a similar issue.  I have a Samsung Galaxy S2... Although I have activated instant upload for photos and selected "upload now" from my phone's Google+ settings ("immediately upload all photos & videos on the device"), I cannot see these photos on the website when I log into Google+ and look into the "from my phone" folder.  However, I can see them on my "from my phone" folder on my phone, which is rather useless if the idea is to back things up on the Google+ cloud.